EXHIBIT:

Tales of the
Terrible Tooth Worm!

Explore ____________

Location:
Kellogg Institute Building (__________)

On View:
January, 2023 - __________

Introduction

The idea that dental caries and toothaches are caused by a tooth worm gnawing at the teeth goes back thousands of years. Historical sources from around the world, from ancient times through the early 1900s, associate the mythical worm with demons. Remedies against the tooth worm were often a mix of spiritual and physical undertakings. It was not until the eighteenth century that doctors began to reconsider this theory. Among the lay population, it lasted much longer.



A Year of Change

In 1890, MacNaughton moved to Washington, D.C. where her practice centered on women and children, turning nurturing, a “female” quality, into a professional advantage. In an 1889 article in the Woman’s Tribune, she said, “…a great many women prefer to come to us, and we are, we believe, peculiarly successful with children because we understand better how to manage them.”


A Global View

MacNaughton traveled extensively, frequently in the service of dentistry. In 1889, she was a delegate to the International Dental Congress in Paris. In 1893, she participated in the World’s Columbian Dental Congress in Chicago, Illinois.


19th Amendment Guarantees Women’s Right to Vote

MacNaughton campaigned for more than 30 years until the 19th Amendment was ratified in 1920. She pressed for women’s rights in other ways, writing legislation to give married women civil liberties, equal parental rights, and the ability to own property separate from their husbands. She also lobbied for female physicians and staff in women’s prisons, reform schools and police stations.

MacNaughton was an ardent supporter of women's rights, and actively campaigned for the right to vote. These two "Votes for Women" pins are artifacts from the women's suffrage movement. Courtesy of Sindecuse Museum of Dentistry.



FURTHER READING

  • Butani, Y., Weintraub, J.A. & Barker, J.C. Oral health-related cultural beliefs for four racial/ethnic groups: Assessment of the literature. BMC Oral Health 8, 26 (2008). https://doi-org.proxy.lib.umich.edu/10.1186/1472-6831-8-26

  • Gerabek WE. The tooth-worm: historical aspects of a popular medical belief. Clin Oral Investig. 1999 Mar;3(1):1-6.
    doi: 10.1007/s007840050070. PMID: 10522185.

  • Gorelick L, Gwinnett AJ. Life and death of the tooth worm theory or when I believe it, I will see it. N Y State Dent J. 1987 Aug-Sep;53(7):21-5. PMID: 3309743 

  • Hsu TL, Ring ME. Driving out the 'toothworm' in today's China. Journal of the History of Dentistry. 1998 Nov;46(3):111-5. PMID: 10388453

  • Khodadoust, K., Ardalan, M., Pourabbas, R., & Abdolrahimi, M. (2013). Dental and oral diseases in Medieval Persia, lessons from Hedayat Akhawayni. Journal of medical ethics and history of medicine, 6, 9.

  • Mandel, I.D. Caries Through the Ages: A Worm's Eye View First Published August 1, 1983 Research Article Find in PubMed https://doi-org.proxy.lib.umich.edu/10.1177/00220345830620081601

  • Meyerhoff, M. Arabic Tooth-Worm stories. Bulletin of the History of Medicine; Jan 1, 1945; 17, ProQuest pg. 203

  • Ohry, A., and J. Tsafrir. "Running after quacks and mountebanks ..." Progress in Health Sciences, vol. 2, no. 1, June 2012, pp. 171+. Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A297427473/AONE?u=umuser&sid=bookmark-AONE&xid=f85af17c. Accessed 4 June 2022.

  • Oziegbe, EO, Schepartz, LA. “Is parity a cause of tooth loss? Perceptions of northern Nigerian Hausa women.” PLOS ONE, December 5, 2019.  https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226158 

  • Imagination and Fantasy in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Time: Projections, Dreams, Monsters, and Illusions.Edited by: Albrecht Classen

  • Volume 24 in the series Fundamentals of Medieval and Early Modern Culture https://doi-org.proxy.lib.umich.edu/10.1515/9783110693669